First one has to ascertain what kind of an investment it is. If it is an investment in another company where the owner or partial owner has significant influence over the financing, operating and investing activities of the investment company, then the income, loss and dividends of the investment are affecting the investment account and creating either a loss or gain on the Income Statement.
SIGNIFICANT INFLUENCE (The Equity Method)
Journal Entries:
Cash. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XXXXX
Investment in ABC Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XXXXX
to record the purchase of shares in the subsidiary company and the part-owner has significant influence.
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Cash. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XXXXX
Investment in ABC Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XXXXX
To record a distribution of dividends.
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Loss from Discontinued Operations. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . XXXXX
Investment in ABC Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XXXXX
To record a distribution of dividends and reduction of the investment.
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Investment in ABC Co. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . XXXXX
Investment Income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XXXXX
To record income earned by the subsidiary.
Other differences in journal entries when using equity instead of the cost method, would be the entry to show if there was a loss or gain upon purchase. If purchase price less price of net assets shows (-), record a loss (also recorded on the Income Statement as an Ordinary Loss).
NO SIGNIFICANT INFLUENCE (The Cost Method)
Cash. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . XXXXX
Investment Income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XXXXX
To record income earned by the subsidiary, for which no change is noted to the owner's investment account.